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Brodiaea terrestris ssp. terrestris In San Luis Obispo County  

La Panza Range  

Trait
Kern County
BTK
S. California
Coastal BTK
S. California
Montane BTK
Central Calif.
BTT
Central Calif.
BJ
X
X
X
--
--
Fls gen 15-22 mm
--
X
--
X
X
Staminode inrolled
X
--
X
X
--
Staminode hooded
--
X
--
--
X
Staminode slightly
hooded & inrolled
--
X
--
--
X
Ovary green
X
X
X
X
--
Ovary purple
--
--
--
--
X
Top of connective
with dentate lobe
--
--
--
X
--
Connective with
V-shaped notch
X
X
X
--
X
Dentate lobe in
center of notch
X
X
--
--
--
Connate ridge
0.5-2 mm
--
X
--
X
X
Connate ridge
< 0.5 mm or 0
X
--
X
--
--
Inner perianth
9 vasc strands
X
X
X
--
--
Inner perianth
3-4 strands
--
--
--
X
X
Sporophyte
chromosome #
48
36?
?
12, 36
12 (Jolon)
1.  Measured from attachment point at pedicel to tip of perianth segment.

2.  Flower length of Coastal BTK has range of 17-30 mm.

3.  Top of connective tissue extends into a pointed tooth resembling an inverted-V.

4.  Top of connective has an indentation or notch resembling a V or a U.

5.  Notch in top of connective contains a pointed toothlike lobe resembling the center of a W.

6.  This is a narrow ridge of inner perianth tissue between the bases of adjacent staminodes and filaments. When viewed from above, it appears to fuse the bases of staminodes and filaments into a connate ring of tissue. In some species this ridge may be at least one mm in thickness. In others, it is less than 0.5 mm and barely discernable or lacking. It is barely discernable in some populations of Kern County BTK and southern California Montane BTK, but is conspicuous in Coastal BTK of southern California and Brodiara jolonensis of central California.

See Explanation for the Connate Ridge In Brodiaea Species
Connate Ridge of Brodiaea jolonensis in Monterey County
Connate Ridge of Coastal BTK in Santa Barbara County

7.  Brodiaea jolonensis appears to be endemic to the Coast Ranges of central California (primarily Monterey County). Reports of BJ in southern California (Santa Barbara to the Mexican border) appear to be Coastal BTK. Reports of BJ on Santa Catalina and San Miguel Island are also Coastal BTK. The taxonomic status of Coastal BTK is enigmatic because it tends to intergrade with Montane BTK on the Santa Rosa Plateau of Riverside County.

8.  There are other characteristics not listed in the above table. Some of these are quite variable and might be correlated with annual rainfall or other factors. In general, BJ has consistently the longest scapes of all brodiaea populations observed (up to 29 cm). BTT has the consistently shortest scapes, often only 2-6 cm long. Inland BTT in the La Panza Range resemble a diminutive version of Kern County BTK, except the staminodes are more strongly bent inward. Ovaries of BJ in Monterey County are consistently purple, a trait that is shared by no other species. Some Coastal and Montane BTK in southern California have green ovaries with faint streaks of purple, but these could hardly be called purple. Chromosome numbers need further study. Niehaus' numbers of 36 for BJ in southern California obviously refer to Coastal BTK.


BTT habitat in La Panza Range with grassland, blue oaks and chamise.

BTT habitat in La Panza Range with grassland, blue oaks and chamise.

The rare Camatta Canyon amole (Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum).

The rare Camatta Canyon amole (Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum).

The rare Camatta Canyon amole (Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum).

  Chorogalum pomeridianum in Kern County  
See Wayne's Word Article About Soap Lilies

BTT showing short scape and small flowers.

Earth brodiaea in the La Panza Range of San Luis Obispo County.

  How Large Is Penny In The Above Images  

The staminodes are toothed at apex and inrolled along margins but not hooded.

The staminodes are toothed at apex and inrolled along margins but not hooded.

Close-up view of beautiful flower of BTT. These flowers are very close to the ground on a short scape. That is why this species is called the "earth brodiaea."

BTT flower: The staminodes are clearly leaning inward toward the anthers.

Close-up view of the anthers of BTT. The top of the connective tissue (anther axis) extends into a pointed tooth that resembles an inverted V. In Kern County BTK and some Coastal BTK, a notch in the top of the connective tissue contains a pointed toothlike lobe resembling the center of a W. This latter pattern is called "W-shaped." The Jepson Manual refers to both of these patterns as a dentate connective or dentate anther axis. These differences are subtle and there is considerable variation.

  Explanation Of Dentate Anther Connective  


BTT from La Panza Range grown in flower pot in Escondido (San Diego County). The staminodes clearly lean inward toward stamens and the anther connective has a dentate lobe. The flowers are slightly larger than those growing wild in the La Panza Range. (Sont T-10)

BTT from La Panza Range grown in flower pot in Escondido (San Diego County). The staminodes clearly lean inward toward stamens and the anther connective has a dentate lobe. The flowers are slightly larger than those growing wild in the La Panza Range. (Sony H-5)

A comparison of Brodiaea terrestris terrestris from the La Panza Range of San Luis Obispo County, B. terrestris kernensis from San Marcos and B. jolonensis from Monterey County.


BTT from the Monterey coast appears different from La Panza BTT. The plants produce numerous cormlets and the flowers are lighter in color with more prominent inrolled staminodes.

BTT from the Monterey coast appears different from La Panza BTT. The plants produce numerous cormlets and the flowers are lighter in color with more prominent inrolled staminodes.


Farewell-to-spring (Clarkia cylindrica ssp. cylindrica) along Hwy. 58.

Farewell-to-spring (Clarkia cylindrica ssp. cylindrica) along Hwy. 58.


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